Alcohol

Alcohol
	instantia de: classe structural de entitates chimic[*]
	subclasse de: organic hydroxy compound[], organooxygen compound[]
	;
	parte de: alcohol binding[], alcohol metabolic process[], alcohol catabolic process[], alcohol biosynthetic process[], response to alcohol[], cellular response to alcohol[], alcohol transmembrane transporter activity[], alcohol O-cinnamoyltransferase activity[], peroxiredoxin activity[], beta-glucuronidase activity[], glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity[], carboxylic ester hydrolase activity[], 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase activity[], alpha-L-fucosidase activity[], alcohol sulfotransferase activity[], alpha-glucuronidase activity[], fusarinine-C ornithinesterase activity[], beta-primeverosidase activity[], 2-deoxyglucosidase activity[], thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin activity[], alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity[*]
	Commons: Alcohols
	categoria principal: Category:Alcohols

In chimia, un alcohol es alicun composito organic in le qual un gruppo functional de hydroxyle (-O H) es ligate a un atomo de carbon, usualmente ligate a altere atomos de carbon.

Un classe importante es le simple acyclic alcoholes, le formula general pro qual es C_nH_2n+1OH. De illos, ethanol (C₂H₅OH) es le typo de alcohol trovate in biberages alcoholic, e in commun linguage le parola alcohol refere specificamente a ethanol.

Altere alcoholes es usualmente describite con un clarificante adjective, como in alcohol isopropylic (propan-2-ol) o alcohol lignic (alcohol methylic, o methanol). Le suffixo -ol appare in le IUPAC nomine chimic de omne substantias ubi le gruppo hydroxylic es le gruppo functional con le prioritate le plus alte; in substantias ubi un gruppo con prioritate plus alte es presente le prefixo hydroxy- apparera in le nomine de IUPAC. Le suffixo -ol in nomines nonsystematic (tal como paracetamol o cholesterol) anque typicalmente indica que le substantia include un gruppo hydroxyle functional e, assi, pote esser qualificate un alcohol. Ma multe substantias (tal como acido citric, acido lactic, e sucrosa) contine un o plus gruppo hydroxyle functional sin usar le suffixo.

Vide etiam

Chimia organic

Referentias

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