Orthoebolavirus zairense
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 Electron micrographia (magnificate 20'000x) de O. zairense (verde), al vice como extracellular e gemmante particulas, sur un ren cellula (blau) de Chlorocebus sabaeus.
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| Orthoebolavirus zairense ICTV, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
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Orthoebolavirus zairense ex virus Ebola es un specie de virus periculose. Ille pertine al familia Filoviridae e es responsabile de sever morbo characterisate per subito initio de febre hemorrhagic accompaniate per altere signos e symptomas non specific. "Hemorrhagic" significa que le victima sanguina copia, intra e extra su corpore. Le virus affecta quasi tote organos e texitos del corpore human resultante in dysfunction de plure organos. Illo es trovate in Africa, con multe poc casos in Europa o Statos Unite de America.
Secundo le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate:[1] le rata de mortalitate es approximatemente 50% in general ma varia in differente epidemias inter 25% e 90%.
Transmission
[modificar | modificar fonte]
Se pensa que vespertiliones fructivore del familia Pteropodidae son hospites natural de Orthoebolavirus zairensis. Human pote contaminar se per contact con sanguine, secretiones, organos o altere fluidos biologic del animal infectate, como vespertiliones fructivore, chimpanzes, gorillas, simias, foreste antilopas o porcospinos trovate malade o morte o in le foreste tropical.[1]
Classification
[modificar | modificar fonte]Il ha sex species in le genere Orthoebolavirus e tres de illos son associate con epidemias de febre hemorrhagic. Le prime vice que le virus ha apparite esseva in 1976 in duo epidemias simultanee, uno in le Republica Democratic del Congo in un village proxime al Riviera Ebola (del qual le nomine del virus veni) e le altere in un region que hodie es in le Sudan del Sud.[2] Le prime epidemia es causate per le specie le plus virulente O. zairensis, le secunde per un specie proxime Orthoebolavirus sudanense.
Evolution
[modificar | modificar fonte]Orthoebolavirus zairense divergeva de su ancestores inter 1960 e 1976.[3] Un evento de recombination inter differente cippos occurerea inter 1996 e 2001 in Homininae. Iste recombinant cippos serea responsibile de un serie de human epidemia in Central Africa in 2001–2003.[4] Le Makona variant de O. zairensis causeva le epidemia de 2014 in West Africa.[5] Durante iste epidemia, le evolution del cippos permitte un plus grande transmission interhuman.
Principal epidemias
[modificar | modificar fonte]Le principal altere epidemias causate per O. zairense son:
- 2013-2016: West Africa (25'500 patientes; 11'000 mortes)
- 2018-2020: RDC e Uganda (3'470 / 2'280)
- 2022: Guinea (23/12)
Reference
[modificar | modificar fonte]- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ebola virus disease. World Health Organization (2023-04-20).
- ↑ "Ebola virus antibodies in fruit bats, Bangladesh" (2013). Emerging Infectious Disease 19 (2). CDC. doi:.
- ↑ Serena A. Carroll, Jonathan S. Towner, Tara K. Sealy, Laura K. McMullan, Marina L. Khristova, Felicity J. Burt, Robert Swanepoel, Pierre E. Rollin & Stuart T. Nichol (2013-03-01). "Molecular Evolution of Viruses of the Family Filoviridae Based on 97 Whole-Genome Sequences". Journal of Virology 87 (5): 2608–2616. doi:. PMID 23255795.
- ↑ Wittmann TJ, Biek R, Hassanin A, Rouquet P, Reed P, Yaba P, Pourrut X, Real LA, Gonzalez JP, Leroy EM. "Isolates of Zaire ebolavirus from wild apes reveal genetic lineage and recombinants". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 23;104(43):17123–17127. Epub 2007 Oct 17. "Erratum" in: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 4;104(49):19656. Patrono:PMID
- ↑ Outbreaks Chronology: Ebola Virus Disease (anglese american). Ebola Hemorrhagic Feve. CDC (2017-08-02).
